23005 leans slightly Republican by roughly 6 points: about 47% of voters vote Democratic and 53% Republican.
About 81% of adults in 23005 typically vote, above the U.S. average of about 62%. Among adults in 23005, ~38% vote Democratic, ~43% Republican, and ~19% don't vote. The map below shows estimated turnout by block group.
How 23005 compares
Among zip codes within 15 miles, 23005 leans more Republican than 18 of 27 neighbors.
23005 runs about 12 points more Republican than Virginia as a whole. Virginia leans Democratic overall, while 23005 is one of the few Republican-leaning pockets.
Politics vary noticeably by block within 23005. The north side runs the most Democratic (D+11) and the northeast side runs the most Republican (R+25), a spread of about 35 points.
Why 23005 leans the way it does
This analysis examined 14,881 data points per zip code to find what predicts political lean and turnout. The items below are a few correlations that stood out for 23005, not a ranked or complete list of what matters most.
23005 votes against the grain of Virginia. Virginia leans Democratic overall, while 23005 runs about 12 points more Republican.
Park access and Republican lean
Places with low park coverage tend to lean Republican; 23005, VA sits in the bottom quarter nationally on this measure. Park access does not change how people vote; it tends to track denser, higher-income areas.
Why turnout in 23005 looks the way it does
Areas with strong routine healthcare access turn out at higher rates. 23005 is in the top quarter nationally for routine-care measures such as insurance coverage, preventive screenings, and dental visits. The dental-visit rate here is about 70%, about 10 points above the U.S. average of 60%. Learn more about the findings and methodology on the political spectrum map.
Nearby Zip Codes
Zip Codes with Similar Populations
Sources and methodology
Precinct-level voting records used to fit the model come from Virginia Department of Elections, distributed by the Voting and Election Science Team. Demographic inputs come from the U.S. Census Bureau (ACS 5-year estimates and the 2020 Decennial Census). Health and environmental inputs come from the CDC (PLACES and the Environmental Justice Index). Land cover comes from the USGS and EPA. Election-day and lead-up weather come from PRISM 4km daily grids and the NOAA Global Historical Climatology Network. Mail-voting and election-administration patterns come from the MIT Election Lab's Survey of the Performance of American Elections. Block-group crime detail comes from CrimeGrade. Internet data and modeling support provided by ISPreports.org.
Modeling and analysis by the BestNeighborhood data science team. Full methodology and findings: political spectrum map.
Methodology reviewed by the BestNeighborhood data team. Last updated May 2026.