23604 leans slightly Democratic by roughly 6 points: about 53% of voters vote Democratic and 47% Republican.
About 39% of adults in 23604 typically vote, below the U.S. average of about 62%. Among adults in 23604, ~21% vote Democratic, ~18% Republican, and ~61% don't vote. The map below shows estimated turnout by block group.
How 23604 compares
Among zip codes within 15 miles, 23604 leans more Democratic than 11 of 24 neighbors.
Politically, 23604 sits close to the rest of Virginia.
Politics vary noticeably by block within 23604. The north side runs the most Democratic (D+17) and the south side runs the most Republican (R+10), a spread of about 26 points.
Why 23604 leans the way it does
This analysis examined 14,881 data points per zip code to find what predicts political lean and turnout. The items below are a few correlations that stood out for 23604, not a ranked or complete list of what matters most.
Dense areas vote Democratic. About 75% of residents in 23604 live in densely developed areas, about 39 points above the U.S. average of 36%. A high never-married share predicts Democratic voting, and about 43% of adults in 23604 have never been married, above 91% of zip codes.
Population density and Democratic lean
Places with high population density tend to lean Democratic; 23604, VA sits in the top quarter nationally on this measure.
Why turnout in 23604 looks the way it does
Areas with limited routine healthcare access turn out at lower rates. 23604 is in the bottom quarter nationally for routine-care measures such as insurance coverage, preventive screenings, and dental visits. Renters vote less often than owners, and more than 99% of households in 23604 rent, compared to around 35% in nearby zip codes. Low high-school completion lines up with lower turnout, and more than 99% of adults in 23604 have completed high school, above 98% of zip codes. Learn more about the findings and methodology on the political spectrum map.
Nearby Zip Codes
Zip Codes with Similar Populations
Sources and methodology
Precinct-level voting records used to fit the model come from Virginia Department of Elections, distributed by the Voting and Election Science Team. Demographic inputs come from the U.S. Census Bureau (ACS 5-year estimates and the 2020 Decennial Census). Health and environmental inputs come from the CDC (PLACES and the Environmental Justice Index). Land cover comes from the USGS and EPA. Election-day and lead-up weather come from PRISM 4km daily grids and the NOAA Global Historical Climatology Network. Mail-voting and election-administration patterns come from the MIT Election Lab's Survey of the Performance of American Elections. Block-group crime detail comes from CrimeGrade. Internet data and modeling support provided by ISPreports.org.
Modeling and analysis by the BestNeighborhood data science team. Full methodology and findings: political spectrum map.
Methodology reviewed by the BestNeighborhood data team. Last updated May 2026.