23359 leans slightly Republican by roughly 6 points: about 47% of voters vote Democratic and 53% Republican.
About 59% of adults in 23359 typically vote, near the U.S. average of about 62%. Among adults in 23359, ~28% vote Democratic, ~31% Republican, and ~41% don't vote. The map below shows estimated turnout by block group.
How 23359 compares
Among zip codes within 15 miles, 23359 leans more Republican than 6 of 24 neighbors.
23359 runs about 11 points more Republican than Virginia as a whole.
Politics vary noticeably by block within 23359. The northeast side runs the most Democratic (D+14) and the northwest side runs the most Republican (R+38), a spread of about 52 points.
Why 23359 leans the way it does
This analysis examined 14,881 data points per zip code to find what predicts political lean and turnout. The items below are a few correlations that stood out for 23359, not a ranked or complete list of what matters most.
Areas with low college attainment vote Republican. About 8% of adults in 23359 hold a bachelor's degree, about 21 points below the Virginia average of 29%.
High-school completion, uninsured rate, and voter turnout
Places that combine low high-school-completion share and a high uninsured rate tend to turn out at a lower rate, as 23359, VA does.
Why turnout in 23359 looks the way it does
Areas with limited routine healthcare access turn out at lower rates. 23359 is in the bottom quarter nationally for routine-care measures such as insurance coverage, preventive screenings, and dental visits. High food insecurity lines up with lower turnout, and about 23% of adults in 23359 report food insecurity, above 85% of zip codes. Low high-school completion lines up with lower turnout, and about 62% of adults in 23359 have completed high school, in the bottom fraction of zip codes. Learn more about the findings and methodology on the political spectrum map.
Nearby Zip Codes
Zip Codes with Similar Populations
Sources and methodology
Precinct-level voting records used to fit the model come from Virginia Department of Elections, distributed by the Voting and Election Science Team. Demographic inputs come from the U.S. Census Bureau (ACS 5-year estimates and the 2020 Decennial Census). Health and environmental inputs come from the CDC (PLACES and the Environmental Justice Index). Land cover comes from the USGS and EPA. Election-day and lead-up weather come from PRISM 4km daily grids and the NOAA Global Historical Climatology Network. Mail-voting and election-administration patterns come from the MIT Election Lab's Survey of the Performance of American Elections. Block-group crime detail comes from CrimeGrade. Internet data and modeling support provided by ISPreports.org.
Modeling and analysis by the BestNeighborhood data science team. Full methodology and findings: political spectrum map.
Methodology reviewed by the BestNeighborhood data team. Last updated May 2026.