23441 leans slightly Republican by roughly 8 points: about 46% of voters vote Democratic and 54% Republican.
About 60% of adults in 23441 typically vote, near the U.S. average of about 62%. Among adults in 23441, ~28% vote Democratic, ~32% Republican, and ~40% don't vote. The map below shows estimated turnout by block group.
How 23441 compares
Among zip codes within 15 miles, 23441 leans more Republican than 7 of 21 neighbors.
23441 runs about 14 points more Republican than Virginia as a whole. Virginia leans Democratic overall, while 23441 is one of the few Republican-leaning pockets.
Why 23441 leans the way it does
This analysis examined 14,881 data points per zip code to find what predicts political lean and turnout. The items below are a few correlations that stood out for 23441, not a ranked or complete list of what matters most.
Areas with low college attainment vote Republican. About 7% of adults in 23441 hold a bachelor's degree, about 22 points below the Virginia average of 29%. Car-dependent areas vote Republican, and about 83% of residents in 23441 drive to work alone, above 81% of zip codes. A high family-household share predicts Republican voting, and about 80% of households in 23441 are family households, above 91% of zip codes.
High-school completion, uninsured rate, and voter turnout
Places that combine low high-school-completion share and a high uninsured rate tend to turn out at a lower rate, as 23441, VA does.
Why turnout in 23441 looks the way it does
Areas with limited routine healthcare access turn out at lower rates. 23441 is in the bottom quarter nationally for routine-care measures such as insurance coverage, preventive screenings, and dental visits. High food insecurity lines up with lower turnout, and about 24% of adults in 23441 report food insecurity, above 87% of zip codes. Low high-school completion lines up with lower turnout, and about 69% of adults in 23441 have completed high school, below 98% of zip codes. Learn more about the findings and methodology on the political spectrum map.
Nearby Zip Codes
Sources and methodology
Precinct-level voting records used to fit the model come from Virginia Department of Elections, distributed by the Voting and Election Science Team. Demographic inputs come from the U.S. Census Bureau (ACS 5-year estimates and the 2020 Decennial Census). Health and environmental inputs come from the CDC (PLACES and the Environmental Justice Index). Land cover comes from the USGS and EPA. Election-day and lead-up weather come from PRISM 4km daily grids and the NOAA Global Historical Climatology Network. Mail-voting and election-administration patterns come from the MIT Election Lab's Survey of the Performance of American Elections. Block-group crime detail comes from CrimeGrade. Internet data and modeling support provided by ISPreports.org.
Modeling and analysis by the BestNeighborhood data science team. Full methodology and findings: political spectrum map.
Methodology reviewed by the BestNeighborhood data team. Last updated May 2026.