23504 is a Democratic stronghold. About 91% of voters here vote Democratic and 9% Republican.
About 56% of adults in 23504 typically vote, below the U.S. average of about 62%. Among adults in 23504, ~51% vote Democratic, ~5% Republican, and ~44% don't vote. The map below shows estimated turnout by block group.
How 23504 compares
Among zip codes within 15 miles, 23504 leans more Democratic than 45 of 47 neighbors.
23504 runs about 76 points more Democratic than Virginia as a whole.
Politics vary noticeably by block within 23504. The west side is the most Democratic-leaning (D+86) and the northwest side is the least Democratic-leaning (D+73), a spread of about 13 points.
Why 23504 leans the way it does
This analysis examined 14,881 data points per zip code to find what predicts political lean and turnout. The items below are a few correlations that stood out for 23504, not a ranked or complete list of what matters most.
Dense areas vote Democratic. About 95% of residents in 23504 live in densely developed areas, about 58 points above the U.S. average of 36%. A high never-married share predicts Democratic voting, and about 56% of adults in 23504 have never been married, above 97% of zip codes.
Preventive-care access and voter turnout
Places with limited routine preventive-care access tend to turn out at a lower rate; 23504, VA sits in the bottom quarter nationally on this measure. Dental visits do not drive turnout; the rate reflects income, insurance, and healthcare access, which line up with who votes.
Why turnout in 23504 looks the way it does
Areas with limited routine healthcare access turn out at lower rates. 23504 is in the bottom quarter nationally for routine-care measures such as insurance coverage, preventive screenings, and dental visits. Renters vote less often than owners, and about 60% of households in 23504 rent, about 35 points above the U.S. average of 25%. High food insecurity lines up with lower turnout, and about 36% of adults in 23504 report food insecurity, above 97% of zip codes. Learn more about the findings and methodology on the political spectrum map.
Nearby Zip Codes
Zip Codes with Similar Populations
Sources and methodology
Precinct-level voting records used to fit the model come from Virginia Department of Elections, distributed by the Voting and Election Science Team. Demographic inputs come from the U.S. Census Bureau (ACS 5-year estimates and the 2020 Decennial Census). Health and environmental inputs come from the CDC (PLACES and the Environmental Justice Index). Land cover comes from the USGS and EPA. Election-day and lead-up weather come from PRISM 4km daily grids and the NOAA Global Historical Climatology Network. Mail-voting and election-administration patterns come from the MIT Election Lab's Survey of the Performance of American Elections. Block-group crime detail comes from CrimeGrade. Internet data and modeling support provided by ISPreports.org.
Modeling and analysis by the BestNeighborhood data science team. Full methodology and findings: political spectrum map.
Methodology reviewed by the BestNeighborhood data team. Last updated May 2026.